2024年1月31日水曜日

like this(作法を伝える)

インドではこのようにお辞儀します
In India we bow like this.

それからナマステといいます
And we say Namasute.

やってみます。こんな感じですか?
I'll try. Like this?

はい。そんな感じです。さすがです。
Yes. Like that. Great job!

瞑想する時はどのように呼吸すればいいですか?
When we meditate, how should we breathe.

meditate   /'medɪteɪt/ v)瞑想する

breathe /briːð/ v)呼吸する

このように呼吸します(このようには呼吸しません)
We (don't) breathe like this.

このように正座します
We sit like this.

もし座り心地が悪かったらこのように座って下さい
If that's not comfortable, we can sit like this.

’いいよ’のジェスチャーはこんなふうにします(”よくない”のジェスチャー)
We make a gesture for OK(not OK) like this.


We use before meals

みなさん手を洗い/消毒しましたか?
Did everyone wash/sanitize their hands?

みなさん携帯電話の電源を切りましたか?
Did everyone turn off their phones?

12時にお昼を食べます
We have lunch at 12.

みんながそろってからいただきます
We wait for everyone and then we eat.

ゆっくり食べます
We eat slowly.

~しないようにしている
try not to ...

食べ過ぎないようにしています
We try not to overeat.

いただきましょう!
Let's begin!



getting sudden telephone calls

あっ、(私の)電話です。ちょっと失礼します。
Oh, that's my phone. Excuse me for a minute.

すぐに戻ります。
I'll be right back.

戻りました。どうもすいません。
I'm back. I'm sorry about that.

お詫びします/申し訳ありません。
My apologies.
(I apologize よりエレガントな表現)



right

あっている・あっていない・ピッタリ

運命・理想の男性/女性: Mr. Right/Miss. Right
My daughter met Mr. Right.

ぴったりの人物: the right person
She is the right person for the job/for our son.
I finally found the right teacher.
We finally found the right mirror for our living room.

この場所であっていますか?
Is this the right/correct placed?

この住所であっていますか?
Is this the right address?

このやり方であっていますか?
Is this the right way?

これは適した道具ではありません
This isn't the right tool.




~よりはマシです

.... is better than ....



I like .... more than ....
I like the freezing rain more than the heat.




何もないよりはマシだ。
It's better than nothing.



~すると思っていた

I thought you were going to leave Tokyo tomorrow.



降水確率

There is a 100 percent chance of rain on the day.



2024年1月28日日曜日

風が強い

windy /'wɪndi/ adj)強い風の
It's too windy to go swimming in the ocean today.


blow   /bləƱ/ v)強い風が吹く
It was blowing hard today.




2024年1月27日土曜日

何かがちゃんと機能していないことを表現

Something is wrong with .... 
Is something wrong with your eyes?




There is something wrong with ....
Is there something wrong with your room?




seize

 /siːz/ v)押収する・ぎゅっと握る(⇒日常ではgrab)
強い力で取り上げることや突然攻撃することを意味する
ものを掴んで離さないことも含む

seize the day  今を生きる・今を楽しむ



2024年1月26日金曜日

ホットケーキの素

pancake batter /'pænkeɪk  'bætər/



batter   /'bætər/ n)料理)衣用生地・バッター v)連打する






butter /'bʌtər/ n)バター

あんこ

sweet red bean paste



stuff

/stʌf/   n)(漠然と)もの・物事・飲食物等
《uncountable》
・Have you packed your stuff?






staff   /stæf/ n)スタッフ

toiletries

/'tɔɪlətriz/ n)洗面用具
・I packed some toiletries.
・The hotel in Japan even low-cost has toiletries, such as toothbrushes, toothpaste, and even pajamas there. 



e-scooter

/'iː skuːtər/ n)電動スクーター
・The city has introduced an e-scooter rental scheme.


scheme   /skiːm/ n)事業・施策・計画

急いで

in a hurry/rush

I leave home in a hurry.









Airport Theft

窃盗
theft /θeft/ 

機内持ち込み荷物:
carry-on luggage

預け入れ荷物:
check-in luggage

盗まれたと見られる品物:
items that seemed stolen from luggage
luggage は uncountable 

逮捕する:arrest
空港労働者:airport workers

Canary Island
疑い・容疑:suspicion
steal
押収する:seize /siːz/
overall
取り調べ中:under investigation
in the same case
begin after an increase in passengers complains
The complains were about items missing from their luggage.
the pleasant climate of the Canary Island
According to the police
Theft happened as luggage was being placed in the airports' storage.
stole valuable items
Police seized luxury wristwatches, jewelry, high-end cellphones and electronic devices.
the suspects
local stores
 







2024年1月25日木曜日

I work in construction as a contractor.

I work as a contractor.
I work in construction.


seem と look

(It) seems like ....

Seems like something
・She seems like doing things at her own pace.

Seems like + SV
・Seems like she does things at her own pace.


(Someone) seem to ....
・She seems to do things at her own pace.


Yesterday morning, I got a message that my mother got in a critical condition. I left home in a hurry and went see her in the hospital. Her blood pressure dropped to 80. It's a matter of time until it happens. but after that, I went to the field last evening...

Today, I didn't go to visit her. As far as I have heard, her situation hasn't changed much. In this situation I think I need to control my emotions. So this Saturday, I am expected to move into high gear by a half marathon. Two events we can take part in. One event's dead line is 23:59, today.  



 

スマホ依存症

smartphone addiction


addiction   /ə'dɪkʃn/ n)中毒・依存症・常用(癖)
Despite mounting mental health concerns, teens remain heavy social media users
Some teens describe "almost constant" social media use.

Despite growing worry that social media use can harm youth mental health, teens still use major platforms at high rates, according to a new survey conducted by Pew Research Center. About half the respondents characterized their use as "almost constant."

2024年1月24日水曜日

不十分な

It can make us feel lonely or inadequate

inadequate   /ɪn'ædɪkwət/ イ ナディクット adj)不十分な
◆in, im ~ない、でない a, ad ~の方向へ、~に equ 等しい
物事や状況が十分でなく要求を満たしていないことを表す
例えば資源、能力、量、品質、規模、時間、努力などが不十分である場合に使う

Her performance was inadequate and she didn't get the role.
You need to improve your preparation because it is inadequate for the exam.
The company's response to the customer's complaint was inadequate and unsatisfactory.  

有効・正当である

They also get validation, feedback through likes and comments from others(peers).

validation /,vælɪ'deɪʃn/ n)批准・正しい・認められる・受け入れられる
◆val, vail 価値、力 tion こと
何かが正しいことを証明すること
例えばデータやアイディアなどを検証すること

The algorithm requires validation before implementation.
そのアルゴリズムは実装する前に検証が必要です
She received validation for her hard work and dedication.
彼女は努力と献身に対して認められました
The data needs to undergo validation before it can be used.
データは使用される前に検証される必要があります

2024年1月23日火曜日

効率性・生産性

Spending too much time on social media can affect productivity, relationships, and mental health.

productivity   /,prɑːdʌk'tɪvəti/ /,prəƱdʌk'tɪvəti/ n)効率性・生産性
仕事の成果や効率性・生産性という意味で使われる
例えば1時間の労働において生産量が多い場合それを高いproductivityと評価できる
◆duc 導く、引く ity,ty ~なこと、~な性質
She received an award for her outstanding productivity at work.
Taking break can actually increase productivity in the long run.
The company's productivity improved after implementing new software.

productivity enhancement 生産性向上


節度

Moderation is important.

moderation   /,mɑːdə'reɪʃn/ n)節度
温和さや節度を意味し穏健な考え方や行動を示す
逆に極端な行動や情熱的な反応に対して冷静であることを求める
◆rat, rea 計算・理性 tion こと
Her moderation in spending allowed her to save money each month.
Moderation in parenting means finding a balance between discipline and affection.
The doctor emphasized the importance of moderation when it came to alcohol consumption.

Demi Lovato said she identifies as 'California sober' and still consumes alcohol and marijuana in 'moderation'.

悪影響

Spending too much time on social media can affect productivity, relationships, and mental health.

affect /ə'fekt/ v)(悪い)影響を及ぼす
◆af- ~の方へ fect つくる
The new policy will affect the company's profits.
Lack of sleep can affect your ability to concentrate.
Her negative attitude will affect the entire team's morale.

比較



comparison /kəm'pærɪsn/ n)比べる事・比較・比較できること
◆com,con 共に pare,par 手に入れる、等しい価値
The comparison between the two cars was unfair.
We made a detailed comparison of the two products.
I can see the comparison between the two paintings.

make a comparison 比較する 
comparison examination 比較検討

気をそらす

Social media can distract young people from their work. 

distract /dɪ'strækt/   v)気をそらす・心をかき乱す
◆dis 離れる   tract 引く →引き離す→気をそらす
Her phone constantly distracts her from studying.
Please do not distract the students during the exam.
The loud music from next door is really distracting

批判する

This YouTuber was constantly criticized for his action.

criticize v)批判する
◆cert, cri 区別し決める ize,iza ~化する
My teacher always criticizes my handwriting.
He criticized the movie for being too predictable and cliche.
It's not productive to just criticize someone without offering solutions.

2024年1月22日月曜日

胃もたれ

I feel bloated due to indigestion of noodle soup we ate last night. Because of my age?

indigestion /,ɪndɪ'dʒestʃən/ インディェスチョン n)消化不良・不快感や胸やけ
◆in-  ~でない dis, dif 離れて・反対の gest, gis 運ぶ・伝える   -tion こと

Eating too fast can cause indigestion.
He took some medicine to relieve his indigestion.
She experienced indigestion after eating spicy food.

類似語
upset stomach
upset adj)怒った、ひっくり返った、乱す、(胃)不調の v)怒る、ひっくり返す、乱す、体調を狂わせる


Goooood evening!
I'm K.....
How's everything?

つまり....

Which is to say (that) ....

たぶん正しいとか正しくないという問題ではない

It might not be a question of right and wrong.

正しい選択をした

made the right choice

いまもって確信が持てない

I’m still not sure

玉子サンドウィッチ

egg salad sandwich

egg salad sandwich no mayo

mayonnaise /,meɪə'neɪz/ /'meɪəneɪz/
mayo   /'meɪəƱ/

転送

forward   /'fɔːwərd/ 
adv・adj)前へ・前方へ   v)進める・回す・送る・転送する

I will forward you texts from him.

2024年1月21日日曜日

Beyond Utopia

”Beyond Utopia" is a documentary that follows families as they attempt to escape oppression, revealing a world most of us have never seen. This one won the Audience Award for U.S. Documentary Competition and I managed to get tickets to this one at the last minute and this was surprisingly pretty great.

The concept is something we have heard before but the film does a good job and exploring the dystopia of North Korea and explores political aspects that are genuinely uncomfortable to watch. Throughout, the film has great presentation, the interviews from the participants were interesting to listen as they provide a good insight of their escapes and experiences with North Korea. The direction was pretty good as the film maintains a steadily tone and good structure.

beyond
utopia /juː'Ʊpiə/ n)理想郷・国、理想的政治体制
documentary
attempt v)試みる・企てる・挑む 
oppression /ə'preʃn/ n)抑圧・辛苦(しんく)
 op-~に向かって press押す→圧迫する
reveal v)見えなかったものを明らかにする・明かす
surprisingly
concept
dystopia /dɪs'Ʊpiə/ n)地獄郷(⇔utopia)
aspect   n)側面、様子
genuinely adv)心から・本当に・純粋に
throughout adv)初めから終わりまで 前)すみからすみまで
interview   n)インタビュー・会談
insight n)洞察・洞察力・見抜く力
direction n)方向・道筋・目標・指示・手引き・演出
steadily adv)しっかりと・堅実に・落ち着いて
tone n)音・音声・口調・語気・調子・雰囲気

Beyond Utopia is a documentary that follows families as they attempt to escape oppression from their country, North Korea.
The film does a good job to explore the dystopia of North Korea.




久しぶりに~した

It's been a while since I +動詞過去形

◎久々に会うね
It's been a while since we last met.  

I'm a bit sore. It's been a while since I lifted weights.

2024年1月20日土曜日

be careful about/with what/who/which/when/why/where/how

Teenagers should be careful with who they share and what they talk to online.

with who they share.
with what they talk to.
about what I spend money. 
about who I work with.
about which food product I eat.
about when we start climbing the Mt Fuji.
about why we give up studying English.
about where I will go traveling overseas.
about how we chose people.
 


the positive aspects of ....

I said do you know any good things of ...
⇒Do you know any the positive aspects of ...?

aspect /’æspekt/    n)側面

online shopping
social media
teamwork
technology

Cooking

We have rich ingredients.
Do you prepare food from scratch?

ready-to-eat food

When it comes to Bagged Saladas, 
   A small incident happenedthey were recalled 








When it comes to ready-to-eat food,
   A food accident happened.




food incident   付随条件として食品責任・権利

2024年1月19日金曜日

カット野菜

bagged/precut salad





Bagged salad mixes sold at grocery stores were recalled after being possibly contaminated with infectious parasites.

The affected products were distributed to 10 US states and sold at grocery chains Hy-Vee, Jewel-Osco, and ALDI.


mix /mɪks/ n)混ざり合い v)混ぜる
sell-sold-sold /sel/ /səƱld/ v)売る
recall /rɪ'kɔːl/ v)呼び戻す、リコールする
possibly /'pɑːsəbli/ adj)だぶん...だろう、...だろうか
contaminate /kən'tæmɪneɪt/ v)汚す・汚染する、悪影響を及ぼす
contaminate with ...  ~で汚す・汚染する
infectious /ɪn'fekʃəs/ adj)感染症の・伝染病の・うつりやすい
parasite /'pærəsaɪt/ n)寄生虫
affected    adj)影響を受けた、冒された
distribute    v)分配・配送する、割り当てる


2024年1月18日木曜日

Survey: YouTube is teens' most used social media website

Teen Usage of Social Media
・American teenagers say that they use YouTube and TikTok "almost constantly." Do you think that social media usage is a good thing or a bad thing?
1⃣Social media can be good or bad depending on ”どのようにつかうか” how you use it.
2⃣"~に役立つ it helps us+動詞原形” It helps us 
3⃣つながっている stay connected,
4⃣but "~の状態にさせる it can make us +動詞原形” it can make us 
5⃣feel lonely or inadequate
6⃣〜を引き起こすAlso can lead to 
7⃣ネットいじめ cyberbullying and invade privacy
Using social media a lot can make you sad and worried. 複雑な問題It's a complicated problem. A good thing about social media is that to help us share information, connect with others, and be creative. It can also create positive change.

・Why do you think teenagers are attracted to social media (ex. it is fun, it connects them to their friends)?
当事者からの視点
1⃣友達とつながり Teens can connect with friends
2⃣情報を最新の状態にする and stay updated.
3⃣経験の共有 They can also share experiences
4⃣自分を表現する and express themselves.
5⃣自分を肯定される(フィードバックをもらう) They also get validation, feedback
6⃣LIKESやコメントを通して through likes and comments from others(peers).  
世間から見ると:ALLOW(認める)
1⃣創造力We allow teenagers to show their creativity
2⃣考え気持ちをシェア and share their thoughts.
3⃣新しい考え・視点・趣味を見つける Teens can use social media to find new ideasperspectives, and hobbies.

・What tips would you like to give teenagers about their social media usage (ex. limit your usage to 1 hour, protect your privacy)?
1⃣~に注意しなければならないYeah, Teenagers should be careful with
2⃣(⇒何をシェアするか・誰と話すか) what they share and who they talk to online.
3⃣プライバシー設定 Changing privacy settings is important
4⃣個人情報を守る to keep personal information safe
5⃣誰が自分の投稿やプロファイルを見れるようにするか and control who sees your posts and profile.
6⃣注意を払う・慎重になったほうかよい It's better to be cautious.

usage /'juːzɪdʒ/ n)利用
inadequate   /ɪn'ædɪkwət/ イ ナディクット adj)不十分な
validation   /,vælɪ'deɪʃn/ n)批准
★ the act of proving that something is true or correct
★ the act of making something legally recognized
★ the act of stating officially that something is useful and of an acceptable standard
★ the feeling that others recognize that you are right or good enough
peers /pɪr/ n)同僚・仲間
thoughts   /θɔːt/ n)考え・気持ち
perspective /pər'spektɪv/ n)観点・見通し per;通して spect;見る
tip /tɪp/ n)祝儀チップ、役立つ情報・助言・ヒント・秘訣
profile   /'prəƱfaɪl/ n)人物像・プロフィール
cautious /'kɔːʃəs/ adj)注意を払う・慎重な
cyberbullying   /'saɪbərbƱliɪŋ/ 
invade   /ɪn'veɪd/
privacy /'prɪvəsi/ /'praɪvəsi/



Impact of Social Media
・In your opinion, does social media have a good or a bad impact on you?
1⃣I think social media can be good and bad.
2⃣It helps us connect but can distract and make comparisons.
3⃣Social media can help share important information and raise awareness for important issues.
4⃣Some bad things about social media are cyberbullying, lack of privacy, and spreading lies.
1⃣良くも悪くも can be good and and
2⃣~に役立つが、~になってしまう help us +動詞原形, but
distract /dɪ'strækt/   v)心をかき乱す
comparison /kəm'pærɪsn/ n)比べる事・比較・比較できること
心をかき乱し can distract and 比較されちゃう make comparisons.
3⃣役に立つ、重要な情報をシェア can help share
▢社会的意識・関心を高める raise awareness
raise /rəɪz/ v)手を上げる・持ち上げる
awareness /ə'wernəs/ n)気づいていること・自覚・認識
▢重要な出来事 important issues
4⃣プライバシーの欠如 lack of privacy
サイバーブリング  cyberbullying
bully n)いじめっ子 v)いじめる
cyber adj)サイバーの・コンピューターに関係した 
嘘の広がり spreading lies

・Do you think it’s okay to constantly use social media?
1⃣It's important to have a balance
2⃣Spending too much time on social media can affect productivity, relationships, and mental health.
3⃣Moderation is important.
1⃣バランスが大事 have a balance
2⃣やりすぎ(時間の使い過ぎ) spending too much time
▢(悪い)影響を及ぼす affect
▢生産性 productivity,   つきあい・交流 relationship   心・精神的健康 mental health
3⃣節度 moderation

・How would you describe a person addicted to social media sites? (ex. they always talk about social media content, they don't have other activities aside from social media)
1⃣Someone addicted to social media may check their accounts a lot, feel anxious without their phone, and prioritize online stuff over real life.
1⃣目を向ける・注目する・着目する check
▢沢山のアカウント their account a lot
▢電話なしだと不安を感じる feel anxious without their phone
▢現実よりネット上の事を優先する prioritize online stuff over real life

About one in six American teens, aged 13 to 17, said that they use YouTube and TikTok "almost constantly."
YouTube is still the most popular site among teens, with 71% saying that they use it at least daily. TikTok, Snapchat, and Instagram are also part of the list of popular sites. This information comes from a survey by the Pew Research Institute.

Three of those four sites showed a drop in usage over the past year. The survey also reports that Facebook's total teen usage has dropped from 71% to 33% in 2023. And only 3% use it almost constantly. According to the survey, teen usage of social media hasn't decreased much. However, there are concerns about the negative impact of social media on their mental health.

More and more social media sites are being criticized for using techniques that draw in and retain younger users. In October, 33 states complained about Meta for adding to the youth mental health crisis. The states said that the company designed sites, such as Facebook and Instagram, to make younger users addicted to them. But Meta has denied the claims.

constantly
usage
criticize v)批判する
◆cert, cri 区別し決める ize,iza ~化する
My teacher always criticizes my handwriting.
technique /tek'niːk/
draw /drɔː/ v)手で軽く引く、くじを引く
draw in v)人を引き込む
retain /rɪ'teɪn/ v)しっかり保つ、保有する、維持する
crisis /'kraɪsɪs/ n)危機・重大局面、山場
addicted
deny /dɪ'naɪ/ v)認めない・否認する


前置詞句

prepositional phrases as adjective
前置詞句を形容詞として使って名詞を修飾する
一般形容詞と異なり前置詞句は名詞の後に置く

across from the building
next to the pond
opposite the stadium
behind the trees
in Tokyo Prefecture
between the per shop and the bookstore
Nagano the below Niigata prefecture

prepositional   /,prepə'zɪʃənl/ adjuctive
phrase /freɪz/
parenthesis /pə'renθəsɪs/ n)かっこ

我做了重庆小面
Wō zuôle Chóngqìng xiǎo mián

好吃!
hǎo chi

2024年1月17日水曜日

If only ....

If only + 仮定法過去/過去完了 ~さえすればなあ・~だったらよかったのに

If only I knew her e-mail address.
If only I had stopped shopping sooner.

仮定法過去とは?
「現在事実に反する仮の話」現実との距離感を表すために動詞を過去形にする

仮定法過去完了とは?
「過去事実に反する仮の話」過去との距離感を表すために動詞を過去完了形にする


I wish .... を使って言いかえができる
I wish I knew her e-mail address.
I wish I had stooped shopping sooner.

If only のほうが I wish より強い願望を表す


sooner adv) soonの比較級(もうすぐ・そのうち、早く・速やかに)

避ける

avoid /ə'vɔɪd/
・悪いことを自分の意志・コントロール」で『避ける』
I want to avoid observation.   人目を避けたい
Avoid eating and drinking the day before the physical examination.

refrain /rɪ'freɪn/
「したいことを”避ける”」ニュアンスで『控える・やめる・我慢する』
Please refrain from smoking in this mall.
I refrain form long hour driving.

prevent   /prɪ'vent/
pre-なので予め予防する・防止する・起こらないようにする』の意の”避ける”
What can I do to prevent getting a cold?
ーI think wearing a mask to prevent getting a cold.

2024年1月16日火曜日

find(「見つける」以外の意味)

知る(think・knowの代わりにfindを使う)

・実際の経験から「~だと思った」見出したニュアンス
I found it interesting. それを面白いと思った
I found the exam difficult. そのテストは難しいと思った


気づいてみると
・found that 「気づく」今まで考えていなかったことを「発見する」ニュアンス
I found he had already left. 彼はもう出発したと気がついた
I found myself wanting to learn foreign languages.

認める(find ..... reasonable)

・admit「認める」のニュアンス 実際に何かを見て・聴いてそれを認める
I found his excuse reasonable.