惣菜（調理済みのおかず）
惣菜 side dish(複：side dishes, side(複：sides)  　惣菜屋 deli(複：delis)
Pick up some side dishes at the deli on the way home.

Tokyo Experiences Snowfall in November after 54 Years

Tokyo has experienced November snowfall for the first time in 54 years.
snowfall in Nov after 54 years=Nov snowfall for the first time in 54 years
snowfall n,降雪　a heavy snowfall 大雪　　the first snowfall 初雪


In Tokyo, snow usually falls around December to February.
Snowfall is rare in the area, occurring only around once or twice a year.
occur:ｱカｧｰ v,起こる


Therefor, residents of the city were shocked when the snowfall came too early in 2016.
resident:レｼﾞﾃﾞﾝﾄ n,居住者    therefor adv, それで、従って

Our Old Haunts

Kei, it's been 30 years since we lived in Tokyo.
It seems like only yesterday.
That was a special time.
We were young and foolish.
That we were! I wish we could turn back time and relive our days together there.
Jack, would you ever consider going back to our old haunts?
I'd do it in a heartbeat.

as time goes by 時が経つにつれ
our old haunts 昔よく行った場所
haunt ハｧ～ﾝﾄｩ　n,よく行く所　v,出没する
since we lived in Tokyo　東京に住んでいたころから（今はもう住んでいない）
That we were　まさにそうでした
turn back time 時間を元に戻す（＝turn back the clock)
relive one's days あの時代をもう一度生きる
Would you ever consider ....ing?  ....することを考えることなどありますか？
in a heartbeat 今すぐにでも

It seems(feels) like only yesterday. つい昨日のようだ

Would you ever consider going back to our old haunts?
（遠まわしに確認してみる）　　....してみたいと考えたことがありますかね？（婉曲）
Do you ever consider....ing  ....してみたいと考えたことがありますか？（直接的）
Have you ever considered cutting back your work hours?
Have you ever considered changing careers/jobs?
Have you ever considered living with your parents?

これは何のコマーシャルですか？ What is this commercial about?

What's the new situation going to be like today?

You'll do better on the real test

Dialog
Did you hear? The scores for the practice exams are posted?
Let's find out. Where's my name? OOH, here I am. YES!
My score is good enough for Gakushiki High School.
Asuka, how did you do? Hmm. Wow! I got the second highest score!
I'll be able to go to school with Mika.
What ranking did you get, Yukich? Well... I am not on the list.
I'm ranked ninetieth. That means you're below the top 100.
This is just for practice. I'm sure you'll do better on the real test. Keep studying.
If I don't improve my scores, I won't be able to go to school with Asuka-chan.


Words
practice exam 模擬試験
post  v,掲示する　投稿する　ネットにアップする
good enough 十分に良い
ninety ９０　ninetieth(=90th) ９０番
below ﾌﾞロｳ、ﾋﾞロｳ　pre, ～の下（⇔above）


Questions
Where does Hide want to study?
 Gakushiki high school.
How did Asuka do on the practice test?
 She got the second highest score.


Grammar
I’ll be able to go to school with Mika.
I'm sure you'll do better on the real test.
If I don't improve my scores, I won't be able to go to school with Asuka-chan.


That means you're below the top 100.
below〔前置詞〕ある場所や基準より下に（underは真下の意）
belowは下のほう範囲が広い　below top 100(100位以下のどこかに）
under 18（１８才未満のようにその基準の数字に焦点がある）


below the surface 水面下に
below the poverty line 貧困線以下で
　poverty ポｳﾞｧﾃｨ n,貧乏
below ground 地下に
below freezing 氷点下
below market value〔price〕 市場価値〔価格〕以下


Only 5 minutes left. I'm sure I'll miss the train.
あと5分しかない。


Three light planes are flying below the clouds.
3機の小型飛行機が雲の下を飛んでいる。

University of Tokyo Offers Rent Assistance to Female Students

rent: n賃料　v貸す、借りる（いづれも対価を伴なう）　rent-rented-rented
assistance: n手伝い、援助


Japan's top university is offering subsidized rent to female students in an attempt to improve gender balance in the student population.


offer: v提供する、申し出る　n提供
subsidize: ｻﾌﾞｼダｲｽﾞ v助成金を支給する、補助する、援助する、
attempt: ｱ テﾝﾌﾟﾄ　n試み　v試みる
gender: ジェﾝﾀﾞｧ n性別、性（sex）


The unversity of Tokyo announced that it will give a monthly housing assistance worth ￥30,000（around $270) to its female students for two years.


The housing program, which will start in April 2017, aims to increase the percentage of female students in the university.


Currently, only 20% of students who apply to the university are female.

Would you be able to do that?

Would you be able to do that? できそう？


Dialog
Hey, Robo Corpus?  I want you to help me with my high school entrance exams.
I am just a robot. I don't believe I can take exams for you.
No, that's not what I mean. Listen. Mr. Takagi taught me chunk Kendo.
Do you remember?  No. It's how to practice English chunks using Kendo.
I don't know how to do Kendo.
You don't have to. Anyway, can you give me similar exercises?
You will say Japanese phrases and I'll translate them into English.
Would you be able to do that? That sounds easy. You want to try?


Words
exercise(複：exercises) n,訓練、練習、運動
phrase　ﾌレイｽﾞ　n,フレーズ


Questions
Does Robo Corpus know how to Kendo?
 No, he doesn't.
What will Yukich do with Japanese phrases?
 He will translate them into English.


I want you to....  /  I would like you to....
I want you to help me with my high school entrance exams.
I want you to know...
I want you to be...
I want you to do...
I want you to talk...
I want you to think...


I want you to know I need oil.
OK. I'll get some. But I want you to be nicer. もっとやさしくして
OK.  
nicer: niceの比較級


I want you to teach me how to ski.


Would you be able to do that? 　（したことがないかもしれないけど）できそう？
Can you do that? 　できる？
Could you do that?　できますか？


give＋人＋物
Can you give me similar exercises?
Would you give a little advice about what to say?

How can I be like dad?

Dialog
How can I be like dad?
What do I need to study now, mom?
Don't sweat the small stuff.
He focused on bigger goals.
You should, too.
What if I destroy my future, because of a small mistake I make now?
Why don't you do your best in your entrance exams, first?
Yukich, don't be so dramatic.
If I fail, dad will be so angry with me.
Oh, please. No, he won't. Don't give up. Maybe Robp Corpus can help.
That's right! Robo Corpus.


don't sweat the small stuff 　小さなことにくよくよしないで
focus on　～に焦点を合わせる　～にフォーカスする
destroy　～をだめにする
dramatic: ﾄﾞﾗマｧﾃｨｯｸ adj大げさな、劇的な
fail　失敗する


Questions
What does Mika tell Yukichi?
 She said "dont' be so dramatic".
Who might be angry, if Yukich fails?
 Ken, his dad. But he won't.


Poor Yukich. You worry a lot.
Yeah, but at least he has Robo Corpus.


at least: ｱｯﾄ　リーｽﾄ　little-less-least


What if...?　もし...したらどうなんだろう？
What if I destroy my future, because of a small mistake I make now?


Don't....
Don't sweat the small stuff.
Don't sweat it. 心配するな
sweat 汗をかく⇒心配する（口語）
Don't be so dramatic.
Don't give up.
Never give up.
Never say never. ありえないなんてことはない


Robo Corpus never gives up.


Don't be+形容詞
Don't be afraid. 恐れないで
Don't be shy.　恥ずかしがらないで
Don't be stupid.　馬鹿な真似はやめて
Don't be silly.　ふざけないで
Don't be late.　遅れないで


Told you.　（だから）言ったでしょ


もしサーブを失敗したらどうしよう？
What if I hit a poor serve?


やって見る前にあきらめたらだめ。未来のことは誰にも分からない。
Don't give up before trying. Nobody knows the future.

現在形（段取り・打合わせ）

ここであなたの出番です。This is where you come in.


結婚式のスピーチ
You need to be at the reception hall when it opens at 11:30.
After everyone is seated, the MC asks the guest of honor to make a speech.
After that, the dinner begins.
During the dinner, more people are asked to make a speech.
This is where you come in, Mary.
You are number two on the list.
When the MC introduces you, go up to the microphone in the front of the hall and make your speech.
Could you give me a copy of your speech?
I'll translate it and give it to the MC.

MC: master of ceremony 司会、進行役

Okay. Let me make sure I've got it right.
I need to be at the reception hall when it opens at 11:30.
After everyone is seated, the MC asks the guest of honor to make a speech.
After that, the dinner begins.
During the dinner, more people are asked to make a speech.
This is where I come in.
I'm number two on the list.
When the MC introduces me, I go up to the microphone in the front of the hall, and make my speech.
Is that right?
And I can give you a copy of my speech.
Thank you for offering to translate it.


公園でのボランティア
So every other Monday morning at 9:30, we get together at Donguri Park.　隔週月曜の朝
First we work on the flowerbeds.　花壇
We pinch off the dead flowers, then weed and water the flowerbeds.　花がらを摘み取る
除草　水やり
And then we rake the leaves and put them in plastic bags.　落ち葉を熊手で集め　ポリ袋
We finish up by 11 o'clock and go home.　完了する
So every other Monday morning at 9:30, they get together at Donguri Park.
First they work on the flowerbeds, they pinch off the dead flowers, then weed and water the flowerbeds.
And then they rake the leaves and put them in plastic bags.
They finish up by 11 o'clock and go home.

The award ceremony starts at 1 p.m.　表彰式は1ｐｍにスタートします。
First, there is a speech from the principal.　先ず校長の挨拶があります。
Then there is a congratulatory speech from the guest of honor.　その後、主賓から祝辞があります。
Then at 1:30, the awards are handed out.　その後、1時半から賞が手渡されます。
This is where you come in, John.　ジョンさんにはここで登場願います。
Read out loud the certificates of achievement for the first to third place awards.
1位から3位までの表彰状を読み上げてください。

現在形（予定を伝える）

I've got to go. The train leaves in three minutes.
しっかり決まった予定であり、毎日繰り返される習慣としてのアクションである。

Sorry. I can't go. I have work tomorrow.
現在形で予定に入っていますといった確定感を伝えることができる。

I go to Seoul tomorrow.明日はソウルに行くことになっている。
I'll go to Seoul tomorrow.よし、明日はソウルに行く。
I'll(I will)は、とっさの意思決定のニュアンス
電話が鳴って。。I'll get it. 私が電話に出ます。
I'll go to get it.　私が取ってきます。私が買ってきます。
I'll see you tomorrow. では、、また明日。


明日はソウルにいます。ソウルに行ってしまっている。I'm in Seoul tomorrow.
明日はお祭りがある。There is a festival tomorrow.
次の日は自由行動です。 The next day is a free day.


I'm going to Seoul tomorrow. 既に現在そのことが起こっているような響きがある。
既に準備をしていて、ソウルに行くことの何かを行なっている。すぐにソウルに行く響き。


～ingを多用すると少しうるさい印象がある
（ing使用しすぎた悪い例×）I'm going to Seoul tomorrow, and having a meeting there.
After that I'm going to Pusan, and having a meeting at the factory.
Then I'm staying overnight, then giving a presentation, and then coming back to the office.


(シンプルな現在形で伝える◎）I go to Seoul tomorrow, and have a meeting there.
After that I go to Pusan, and have a meeting at the factory.
Then I stay overnight, then give a presentation, and then come back to the office.


個人的な意思がはいった場合 I think I'll.... / Maybe I'll.... / Hopefully it will be....
I arrive at Kona Airport at 10 a.m. on Sunday.
Then I pick up a rental car and go to the hotel, and have lunch with Kala.
Then we go to Waimea to meet Kala's family.
Then I go back to the hotel, and have dinner.
I think I'll stay up till midnight to beat the jet lag.
The next day is a free day, and there is a luau at the hotel.
Maybe I'll go to the beach and relax.
On the third day, I go sightseeing in Hilo.
On the fourth day, I leave Kona.
It's short, but hopefully it will be a fun trip.


T : Katie, do you have any plans for tomorrow?
K : Well, tomorrow, I go to the dentist, and then I meet my friend for lunch.
T : Great.
　　Jeff?
J : I'm in the studio in Shibuya all day.
T : Wow.
J : How about you, Ken?
T : I'm behind my computer all day.

現在形（自分のことを伝える）

何処に住んでるの？
Where do you live Jef? 名前をつけて聞くのがポイント。
(特に急に質問する時はぶっきらぼうにならないように名前をつける）
Just south of Tokyo./ Just down the street./ I live a few minutes walk from here.
I live in Mukougawa, it's on the other side of the station. / I live in the suburbs of Yokohama.


suburb: a suburbとも言えるがthe suburbsと複数形で使用する場合が多い。
the suburbs of Yokohamaで横浜の郊外にある町のひとつといったニュアンス。


I'm living in Tokyo, but I'm going back to my hometown.
I'm living in Tokyo, but I have a home in Fukuoka.
進行形を使うと今は東京に住んでいるが、、といったニュアンス。
（現在形のもつ習慣化した安定感が欠けている）


お仕事は？
What do you do, Jef?
I'm a voice actor.声優です。
I'm in between jobs.休職中です。（jobsの間にいるといったニュアンス）
I'm in the apparel industry.アパレル業界です。
I'm in the music industry.音楽業界です。
I'm in finance.金融関連です。
I'm in education.教育関連です。
I'm a homemaker.主婦業です。（男女両用）
I'm with Sony.ソニーに〔勤めて〕います。（withを使うのがポイント）
I'm work for Sony.ソニーに勤めています。（勤めている：work for)
I'm work for the city office.市役所に勤めています。
I'm work fot the ward office.区役所に勤めています。
I go to high school.高校生です。（高校に通っています）
I go to college.大学生です。（大学に通っています）


I'm going to college.
進行形を使うと習慣的に通学していないといった奇妙なニュアンスになってしまう。
例えば取り損ねた単位を取るためにだけ通っている場合は逆に進行形が使える。
（普段は旅行やバイトをしたりしている等）


I'm going to college, but I don't know what I want to do.
未来形の使用例。


同じshoolでも自動車学校の例
I'm going to driving school.
今、教習所に一時的に（習慣的でない）通っているので進行形が使用される。
(I go to driving school:ずっと教習所に通っていることになってしまう）


※schoolにはtheをつけない理由 リンク先


ご出身は？
Where are you from, Jef? / Where do you come from, Jef?
I'm from Okinawa. / I come from Okinawa.


I'm from many places, originally I'm from Okinawa.
あちこち行きましたが生まれたのは（おおもとは）沖縄です。
I was born in Okinawa.
沖縄で生まれました。
I'm from the U.S.A. / I come from America.


趣味は？
What do you do in your spare time, Katie?
I play tennis. I play go.(goまたはigo:碁、囲碁）
I go joging. I go driving.
I build models.模型を組み立てる。 I build furniture. 家具を組み立てる。
I like to read mysteries. I like to paint.


Do you have any hobbies?
hobbyはお金や時間を積極的に使う専門的な意味なので英語圏では一般的ではない質問。
（読書、音楽やスポーツをすることがhobbyとはいえない）


愛・名言(不変、真実）
I love you.


今、この場所が気に入っている。気に入り始めている。
I'm loving it here.


What is your favorite saying? 好きなことわざは何？
My favorite saying is: Just do it. やればいい。とにかくやれ。
All's well that ends well. 終わりよければ全てよし。
It takes all sorts to make up a world. 世の中にはいろんな人がいる。
You can't judge a book by its cover. 外見では判断できない。
Life begins at forty. 人生は40から。


夢・日常
I turn on my computer and listen to music. Then I take a shower, get dressed,
have breakfast, and off I go. (off I go: I'm going off. 行ってきます！の意）


My dream is to become a beautician. 夢は美容師になること。
I want to have my own family in the future. 将来は自分の家庭をもちたい。


Dialog
A: What do you do, Baba-san?
B: I work for the city office. I'm in the citizens' affairs division.
A: That sounds like a busy job.
B: Yes, especially at the biginning of the month.
I need some R and R once in a while.
R and R: rest and recreation 保養休暇
A: What do you do in your spare time?
B: I cook. I love cooking ethnic food.
I like to read short stories in English, too.
A: Great.
B: I live in Setagaya City. I'm going to driving school now.
My dream is to get an electric car.
Where are you from, Anne?
A: I'm from New York City. My dad still lives there.
B: Nice. What does he do? Is he a teacher like you?
A: Yes and no. He's a teacher, but teaches math at a high school.
Well, as they say, "The apple doesn't fall far from the tree."
The apple doesn't fall far from the tree:
リンゴは木からあまり遠いところへは落ちない（子どもは親のあとを継ぐもの）